Rock crusher



April 9, 1935. w. w. GUEST ROCK GRUSHER Filed Nov. 27, 1929 2Sheets-Sheet l April 9,1935. w. w. GUEST 1,997,214

ROCK CRUSHER Patented Apr. 9, 1935 ROCK CRUSHER William W. Guest, LosAngeles, Calif.; Ignatius F. Parker, Los Angeles, Calif., trustee ofsaid William W. Guest, bankrupt Application November 27, 1929, SerialNo. 410,094

Claims.

My invention relates to a rock crusher and among the objects of myinvention are, to provide a relatively simple, inexpensive, strong anddurable compact machine that is especially de- 5 signed for crushingrock and which machine has a relatively high degree of eiliciency,capable of being operated with minimum power consumption, capable ofbeing readily adjusted in operation so as to crush rock or otherproducts to the desired size or sizes, further, to provide a crusher ofthe character referred to wherein adjustment to take up wear of theprincipal moving parts may be readily accomplished'without dismantlingthe crusher and further, to provide means for permitting the passage ofuncrushable foreign objects that may be accidentally delivered into thecrusher, without producing undue strains or breakage of the crusher orthe operating parts thereof. A further object of my invention is, toarrange and fulcrum the pestle between the yielding crushing jaws sothat portions of the crushing faces of the pestle on opposite sides ofthe axis thereof simultaneously engage and crush the material passingthrough the machine, thereby producing a balanced action or applicationof crushing forces while the crusher is in operation.

With the 4foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists incertain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts thatwill hereinafter be more fully described and claimed and illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig, 1 is a vertical section taken on a longitudinal plane through thecenter of a crusher embodying the principles of my invention.

Fig'. 2 is a vertical cross section taken approximately on the line 2--2of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a detail section taken approximately on the line 3-3 of Fig.1.

Referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings which illustrate apractical embodiment of my invention, I, I designate vertically disposedupright side frames that are supported laterally by end frames 2 and rodbolts 3. Seated in the central portions of the side frames are the endsof a large rod or shaft 4 that supports the pestle of the crusher andseated in the upper portions of the frames which are the ends of rods 5that serve as supports for the jaws of the crusher.

Positioned between and slightly above the rods 5 is a rod 6, the ends ofwhich are seated in the upper portions of frames I and this rod servesas a. support for a material feed regulating bar and distributing plate.

Journaled upon and supported by the rods 5- are crushing jaws 1, thelower ends of which are pivotally connected by means of pins or bolts 8to cushion plates 9 upon which rest the lower ends of expansion coilsprings I9 which latter are re- 5 tained in position by bolts II and theupper por. tions of said bolts are arranged for sliding movement throughbeams I2, the ends of which are adjustably arranged on bolts I3 thatproject upwardly and outwardly from side frames I. 10

Arranged on bolts I3, above and below the ends of the beams I2, areadjusting nuts I4. By manipulation of the nuts I4, the-positions ofbeams I2 may be adjusted on the bolts I3 and by adjustment of nuts onthe outer ends of bolts II 15 the tension of the springs I0 may beadjusted and as a result the positions of the jaws I1 may be veryaccurately regulated and their resistance to outward movement readilycontrolled.

The spring cushions which are readily adjustable, yieldingly resist theoutward and upward swinging movements of the lower portions of the jaws1.

Detachably mounted on the inner faces of the jaws 'I are liners I5,preferably of hardened metal and which are removably retained inposition on said jaws by bolts I8.

Oscillatively mounted on shaft or rod 4 is a crushing pestle I'Iprovided in its lower portion with a chamber and tted to the inner facesof the walls of this pestle within the chamber therein are bearingplates I8 and which latter are detachably secured to the inner ends ofscrew blocks I9 by means of clamp pins 20,the latter being secured tobearing plates I8 by studs 2I on the outer ends of which/are locatednuts 22.

Mounted for vertical sliding movement on the inner faces of the bearingplates I8 are sliding bearing blocks 23 and arranged between the 40latter is an eccentric 24 that is formed integral with shaft 25, theends of the latter being journaled in bushings 26 and the latter beingseated in bearing blocks 21 that are secured to the lower portions ofside frames l by bolts or screws 28.

Detachably secured on the underside of pestle I'I is an oil pan 29provided `with drain openings 30 and this drain pan is secured to thepestle by means of studs 3l and nuts 32.

Arranged between the lower portions of side frames is an oil receptacleor sump 33, the upper edges of which are engaged by the convex underfaceof oil pan 29 and arranged in the upper face of the wall of this sump isa '36 compression springs 36. 'I'he construction just `describedprevents oil leakage and forms a seal against the entry of dust.

Secured on the side faces of the pestle I1 are oil and dust seal plates31 that slidably engage packings 38, that are supported by packing rings39 and behind which latter are arranged compression springs 40. Thepacking members just described are seated in the inner portions of thebearing blocks 21 and they provide simple and efficient means forpreventing entry of dust and leakage of oil.

The crushing faces of the pestle are provided with replaceable lowerliners or Wear plates 4| that are secured to the pestle by means ofdovetail tongues 42 that flt into dovetail grooves 43 in the pestle andthese lower plates are located against upward movement by upper linersor wear plates 44 that are secured to the top of the pestle by capscrews 45 and lock washers 46.

Oscillatively mounted on rod or pin 6 is a feed regulating bar 41, thelower end of which occupies a groove in the upper portion of wear plate44 and detachably mounted on top of the bar 41 is a materialdistributingplate 48 that is secured by means of bolts 49. Formed integral with orxed to the top of plate 48 and extending transversely thereof, is acentrally arranged rib 48, which isv of material assistance in effectingan equal distribution of the material after it is fed /to the crusher.

Suspended between the upper ends ofA the jaws 1 and surrounding thedistributing plate' 48 and the upper portion of regulating bar 41 is afeed hopper 50 and supported by and secured to the tops of the sideframes by studs 5I and nuts 52 is a platform 53 provided with shortdepending spouts 54 for controlling the distribution of the materialthat discharges upon plate 48.

Mounted on the ends of shaft 25 and secured thereto by gib keys 55 are ywheel pulleys 56 l and which latter may be driven from any convenientmotive power for effecting operation of the crusher.

Arranged between the side frames and rotatably mounted on bolts 51 and58 are baie plates 58 and 60 that function to deflect the crushedmaterial away from the lower portion of the pestle and the partsassociated therewith.

Formed in the end frames 2 are ports or openings 6| that are normallycovered by removable plates 62 and which latter are secured by means ofcap screws 63.

Bylocking the baille plates 59 and 60 in open positions by tighteningbolts 51 and 58 and removing cover plates 62, wrenches may be readilyinserted through the openings 62 for the purpose of manipulating nuts 22and the adjusting screw blocks I9 so as to take up any wear that mayoccur between the parts I8, 23 and 24.

Lubrication of` the operating parts of the crusher is accomplished byintroducing lubricating oil into anaxial oil duct 64 that is formed inrod or shaft 4 and this oil under pressure passes from duct 64 throughradial ducts 65 and 66 and thence through slots 61 that are formed inthe bushing for shaft or rod 4 and from the slots 61 the oil dischargesthrough ducts 68, thereby flooding the slidingblocks 23 and eccentric24.

After passing downwardly over the parts I 8,

23 and 24, the oil discharges into the oil pan 30 and from the latter itpasses into sump 33 through the opening 30 and from said sump it may betaken to a suitable receptacle and returned to duct 64 in any suitablemanner, preterably by means of an independently operated oil pump or apump operated from shaft 25.

From the ends of duct 64, suitable oil conduits 68 lead to the bearingsfor shaft 25.

During operation of my improved crusher. power applied tothe fly wheelpulleys 56 rotates shaft 25l and the eccentric 24 positioned between thebearing blocks 23, oscillates they pestle upon its axis, (the rod orshaft 4) and during this oscillation of the pestle, bearing blocks 23slide vertically upon the blocks I8.

As the pestle is thus oscillated, the feed regurating bar anddistributing plate 48 will be oscillated upon pin or shaft 6, as aresult of the engagement of the lower end of bar 41 with the upper endof the pestle. l

The movement of the upper portion of the pestle between the jaws 1produces a combined crushing and rolling motion or a rocking action ofthe crushing faces about the shaft or pin 4 and the material that isdelivered by the distributing plate 41 first on one side and then on theother, passes through the spaces between the crushing faces of thepestle and the jaws and said material is rolled by the crushing faces ofthe pestle against the jaws, so as to expose the material to crushingaction along the lines of least resistance, viz: the cleavage contactsof the material.

'Ihe crushing faces of the pestle are formed slightly convex from theirupper to their lower edges and the adjacent faces of the jaws areslightly concave from their upper to their lower ends and, as a resultof this construction and the oscillatory movement of the pestle, thecrushing advancing action of the pestle toward the fixed jaws isapproximately tangential to the curvature of the crushing faces of thepestle.

A particularly advantageous feature of my invention is the location ofthe axis for the pestle in a horizontal plane that is practicallycoincident with the horizontal plane occupied by the lower portions ofthe crushing faces of the jaws I1 and in a plane slightly above'theplane occupied by the lower ends of the crushing faces on the plates 4|that form the lower portions of the crushing faces on the pestle.

As a result of my improved construction of pestle and the arrangement ofthe axis therefor, each crushing face of the pestle comprises two zones,the lower one of which cooperates with the lower face of the adjacentbody in the crushing and production of comparatively ne material and theupper zone effects an initial crushing of the material passing throughthe 4Crusher and thereby produces a relatively coarse crushed materialthat is subsequently crushed to iiner material as it passes over thelower zones or between the plates 4I and the lower portions of theplates I5.

Further, the location of the axis of the pestle in a plane practicallybelow the crushing zones enables the pestle to effect the nal crushingaction by an upward movement of the crushing faces of plates 4I relativeto the lower portions of the crushing faces of plates I5 and the initialor relatively coarse crushing is effected by a downward swinging-movement of the crushing faces of plates 44 relative to the upperportions of the crushing faces of plates I5.

Further, the provision of two crushing zones on each side of the upperportion of the pestle brings about simultaneous crushing action on op--posite sides of the pestle for as one of the plates Il moves upwardlytoward the lower portion of the adjacent plate I5, the plate M on theopposite side of the pestle moves downwardly with respect to the upperportion of the adjacent plate l5, thereby producing a balanced action orequalization of the application of the crushing strains.

The outward swinging movement of the lower portions of the jaws l isyieldingly resisted by the spring cushions that argr supported by thebeams I2 and, as a result of this construction an additional vibrationduring actual crushing action is produced and such vibration tends toshatter the material under pressure of the pestle.

Thus it will be seen that I have provided a rock crusher that isrelatively simple in construction, inexpensive of manufacture, capableof being readily adjusted so as to compensate for wear and which crushermay be economically operated and is very eective in performing thefunction for which it is intended.

It will be understood that minor changes in the size, form andconstruction of the various parts of my improved rock crusher may bemade and substituted for those herein shown and described withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which is setforth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a crusher, a pair of side frames, a pair of springl resisting jawsarranged between said 'side frames, said jaws being mounted forindependent swinging movement toward and away from each other, a pestlearranged for oscillatory movement between and below said jaws, an`eccentric for actuating said pestle, adjustable bearings for saideccentric, a material distributing plate mounted for oscillatingmovement above and actuated by said pestle, end frames arranged betweenthe side frames and said end frames having openings to permit access tosaid eccentric bearings.

2. In a crusher, a frame, a pair of crushing jaws arranged in the upperportion of said frame, said jaws being mounted for independent swingingmovement toward and away from each other, an oscillatory pestle arrangedfor operation between and below said jaws, a material distributing platemounted for oscillating movement above and actuated by said pestle,beams adjustably'mounted on the upper portion of the frame, cushionplates pivotally connected to the lower ends of said jaws, bolts seatedin said cushion plates and arranged for sliding movement through saidbeams, adjusting nuts located on the outer ends of said bolts andbearing on said beams and expansion springs arranged on said boltsbetween Said cushion plates and beams.

3. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely arranged crushing jaws mounted forindependent swinging movement toward and away from each other, a pestlemounted f or operation between and below said jaws, the upper portion ofwhich pestle is provided with crushing faces that oppose the faces ofthe crushing jaws, means for actuating said pestle so as tosimultaneously move the lower portion of the crushing face on one sideof said pestle upwardly relatively to the adjacent crushing jaw and theupper portion of the crushing face on the opposite side of the pestledownwardly with respect to the adjacent crushing jaw and means arrangedfor oscillatory movement above and actuated by said pestle fordelivering material al.- ternately between the crushing faces of thepestle and opposed crushing jaws.

4. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely arranged inclined spring resistedcrushing .jaws mounted i 5 `said crushing jaws, said upper portion-oi!-rthe pestle being provided with' crushing faces that oppose the crushingfaces of said jaws, means for actuating said pestle so as to causeportions of its oppositely arranged crushing faces to simultaneously slymove toward the adjacent portions of the crushing faces of said jaws andmeans arranged for oscillatory movement above and actuated by saidpestle for delivering material alternately between the crushing faces ofthe pestle and opposed crushing jaws. u

5. In a crusher, a pair of crushing jaws, a-pestle arranged foroscillatory movement between and below said jaws, the lower portion ofwhich pestle is provided with a chamber, an oil pan detachably securedto the lower end of the pestle and closing the chamber therein, said oilpan being provided with a discharge opening, an oil sump arrangedbeneath said oil pan and bearing against the under face thereof andmeans for'producing oil and dust tight joints between said sump andpan.'

6. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely arranged crushing jaws mounted forindependent swinging movement toward and away from each other, springcushions pivotally connected to theJower portions of said jaws foryieldingly resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle mountedfor oscillatory lmovement between said jaws the axis for said pestlebeing disposed in a plane below the main portions of the crushing facesof said pestle and jaws and a material distributing feed plate mountedfor rocking movement between the upper portions of the crushing jaws andhaving engagement with the upper portion ofthe pestle, whereby saidoscillatingfeed. -plate is rocked simultaneous with and in the oppositedirection from the rocking movement of said pestle.

7. In a crusher, a pair Vof oppositely arranged crushing jaws mountedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other,spring cushions pivotally connected to, the lower portions of said jawsfor yieldingly resisting, their outward swinging movement, a pestlemounted for oscillatory movement between said jaws and means mounted foroscillatoryk movement inthe crusher above'and actuated by said pestlefor controlling the delivery of material into the spaces between saidjaws and pestle.

8. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely arranged jaws arranged forindependent swingingmovement toward and away from each other, springcushions pivotally connected to the lower por- .tions of said jaws foryieldingly resisting their `outward swinging movement, an oscillatingpestle movement, an oscillatory pestle having crushing faces arrangedbetween said jaws, the axis of which pestle is disposed below thecrushing faces on said jaws, an eccentric for imparting oscillatorymovement to said pestle, adjustable bearings between said pestle andeccentric, a hopper arranged between said jaws above said pestle and amaterial distributing plate mounted for oscillatory movement in saidhopper and oscillated by said pestle.

10. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely arranged jaws mounted forindependent swinging movement toward and away from each other, anoscillatory pestle having crushing faces disposed between said jaws, theaxis of which pestle is disposed below the crushing faces on said jaws,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor yieldingly resisting their outward swinging movement, an eccentricfor imparting oscillatory movement to said pestle, adjustable bearingsbetween said pestle and eccentric, a hopper between said jaws above saidpestle and a material distributing plate mounted for oscillatorymovement in said hopper and oscillated by said pestle.

11. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely disposed crushing jaws arrangedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor yieldingly resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestlemounted for oscillatory movement and having .a portion disposed betweensaid jaws, which portion is provided with a Apair of oppositely arrangedconvex crushing faces, the axis of which pestle is disposed between themain portions of the crushing faces on said pestle and jaws, a hopperarranged between said jaws above said pestle and a material distributingplate mounted for oscillatory movement in said hopper and oscillated bysaid pestle.

12. In a crusher, la pair` of oppositely arranged jaws mounted forindependent swinging movement toward and away from each other, said jawsbeing provided on their inner portions with curved crushing faces,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor yieldingly resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestlearranged for oscillatory movement and having a portion disposed betweensaid jaws, said portion being provided with oppositely arranged curvedfaces that cooperate with the curved faces of the jaws in crushingmaterial that passes between said jaws and pestle, the axis of whichpestle is disposed between the main portions of the crushing faces onsaid pestle and jaws, a hopper arranged between said jaws above saidpestle and a material distributing plate mounted for oscillatorymovement in said hopper and oscillated by said pestle.

13. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely arranged jaws mounted forindependent swinging movement toward and away from each other, said jawsbeing provided ontheir inner portions with curved crushing faces, springcushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jaws foryieldingly resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle arrangedfor oscillatory movement and having a portion disposed between saidjaws, said portion being provided with oppositely arranged curved facesthat cooperate with the curved faces of the jaws in crushing materialthat passes betweensaid jaws and pestle and means mounted foroscillating movement above and actuated by said pestle for controllingthe discharge of material into the spaces between the jaws and pestle.

14. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely disposed inclined crushing jawsarranged for independent swinging movement toward and away from eachother, spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of saidjaws for resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle mounted foroscillatory movement between said jaws, a material distributing platemounted for oscillatory movement above said pestle between said jaws andoscillated by said pestle and pivotally mounted crushed materialdeflectors located adjacent to the lower portion of the pestle belowsaid jaws.

15. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely disposed crushing jaws arrangedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle journaled on ahorizontal axis between and below the lower portions of said jawsamaterial distributing plate mounted for oscillatory movement above saidpestle between'said jaws and oscillated by said pestle and an eccentricengaging the lower portion of said pestle for imparting oscillatorymovement thereto.

16. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely disposed crushing jaws arrangedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle journaled on ahorizontal axis between and below the lower portions of said jaws, amaterial distributing plate mounted for oscillatory movement above saidpestle between said jaws and oscillated by said pestle, an eccentricengaging the lower portion of said pestle for imparting oscillatorymovement thereto and adjustable bearings between said pestle andeccentric.

17. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely disposed crushing jaws arrangedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle journaled on ahorizontal axis between and below the lower portions of said jaws, amaterial distributing plate mounted for oscillatory movement above saidpestle between said jaws and oscillated by said pestle, an eccentricengaging the lower portion of said pestle for imparting oscillatorymovement thereto, adjustable bearings between said pestle and eccentricand means for lubricating said adjustable bearings and the axis for thepestle.

18. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely disposed crushing jaws arrangedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle journaled on ahorizontal axis between and below the lower portions of said jaws, amaterial distributing plate mounted for oscillatory movement above saidpestle between said jaws and oscillated by said pestle, an eccentricengaging the lower portion of said pestle for impartingpscillatorymovement thereto, adjustable bearings between said pestle and eccentric,means for lubricating said adjustable bearings and the axis for thepestle and adjustable material deectors located adjacent to the lowerportion of said pestle on opposite sides thereof.

19. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely disposed crushing jaws arrangedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other,spring cushions pivotally connected to the lower portions of said jawsfor resisting their outward swinging movement, a pestle journaled on ahorizontal axis between and below the lower portions of said jaws, aneccentric engaging the lower portion of said pestle for impartingoscillatory movement thereto, adjustable bearings between said pestleand eccentric means for lubricating said adjustable bearing and the axisfor said pestle, adjustable material deectors located adjacent to thelower portion of said pestle on opposite sides thereof and means betweenthe upper portions of the jaws and actuated from said pestle forregulating the delivery of material into the spaces between said jawsand pestle.

20. In a crusher, a pair of oppositely arranged crushing jaws mountedfor independent swinging movement toward and away from each other, a.pestle mounted for oscillatory movement between and below said jaws, ahopper arranged to discharge material between said jaws, a material feedcontrol member mounted for oscillatory movement within said hopper and adriving connection between said pestle and material feed control memberwhereby the latter is reversely oscillated with respect to theoscillatory movements of the pestle.

WILLIAM W. GUEST,

